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Augusto RIGHI
27.08.1850, Болонья — 08.06.1921
Итальянский физик, член Академии деи Линчеи (1898). Окончил в 1872 году инженерную школу
в Болонье. В 1873—1880 годах преподавал в Технической школе в Болонье,
в 1880—1885 годах — в университете в Палермо.
В 1885—1889 годах — профессор Падуанского университета,
с 1889 года — Института физики Болонского университета.
Работы посвящены электромагнетизму, физике диэлектриков, оптике, атомной физике. В 1880 году
открыл магнитный гистерезис (независимо от Е. Варбурга). В 1888 году переоткрыл внешний
фотоэффект и всесторонне его изучил, в частности наблюдал внешний фотоэффект также в случае
диэлектриков (эбонит, сера), создал фотоэлемент и впервые применил название
„фотоэлемент“. Исследовал колебательные движения, эффекты Холла и Керра,
рентгеновские лучи, эффект Зеемана. Создал (1892) новый тип генератора электромагнитных
волн — сферический осциллятор сантиметровых волн, получил волны длиной в
20 и 7,5 см. Исследовал отражение этих волн, преломление, поглощение, интерференцию и дифракцию,
впервые наблюдал их двойное лучепреломление. Показал, что радиоволны отличаются от световых только
длиной волны, но не природой. В 1881 году впервые осуществил модуляцию света вращением одного
из двух скрещённых николей, в 1887 году совместно с С. Ледюком открыл один из термомагнитных
эффектов (эффект Риги—Ледюка) — возникновение в проводниках, в которых имеется
перепад температуры, дополнительного градиента температуры под действием магнитного поля.
Один из главных учителей Г. Маркони.
Член ряда академий наук, в частности Петербургской АН (1896).
Ю. А. Храмов. Физики: Биографический справочник. — М.: Наука, 1983.
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Современная теорiя физическихъ явленiй.
Радiоактивность, iоны, электроны.
Переводъ съ 3 итальянскаго изданiя.
| 1908 годъ. Съ 21 рисункомъ. 1910 годъ. 2-е изданiе. VIII+146 стр. 8°. Съ 21 рисункомъ. |
© 2008—2024 Фонд „Математические этюды“. Коммерческое использование запрещено.
Поддержка: Фонд „Династия“, Математический институт им. В. А. Стеклова РАН.
Идея: Николай Андреев. Реализация: Роман Кокшаров.
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